The difference between nuclear submarines and conventional submarines is the power generation system. Nuclear submarines use nuclear reactors to generate power. One produces electricity to power the electric motors connected to the ship, while the other uses the heat generated by the reactor to produce steam power to drive the steam turbines. The reactors used in submarines typically use highly enriched fuel (rates of 20% or more) to provide the ability to generate high amounts of power from a small reactor. The nuclear reactor also provides power to other subsystems on the submarine, such as air quality maintenance, fresh water production by desalinating salt water, and temperature control. All nuclear submarine reactors today operate in conjunction with diesel generators as a backup power system. These machines can provide emergency power to an emergency propulsion mechanism, as well as emergency electrical power for reactor shutdown cooling. Submarines can carry nuclear fuel for up to 30 years of operation. The only limiting factor in time spent underwater is the supply of provisions for the crew and the maintenance of the ship.
This description has been adapted from Wikipedia sources and is licensed under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
This description has been adapted from Wikipedia sources and is licensed under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
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